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Infectology and Laboratory Medicine
Study Course Description
Course Description Statuss:Approved
Course Description Version:3.00
Study Course Accepted:14.08.2024 14:31:04
| Study Course Information | |||||||||
| Course Code: | IUDK_038 | LQF level: | Level 7 | ||||||
| Credit Points: | 6.00 | ECTS: | 9.00 | ||||||
| Branch of Science: | Clinical Medicine; Infectious Diseases | Target Audience: | Medicine | ||||||
| Study Course Supervisor | |||||||||
| Course Supervisor: | Ludmila Vīksna | ||||||||
| Study Course Implementer | |||||||||
| Structural Unit: | Department of Infectology | ||||||||
| The Head of Structural Unit: | |||||||||
| Contacts: | Riga, 3 Linezera Street, idk rsu[pnkts]lv, +371 67014777 | ||||||||
| Study Course Planning | |||||||||
| Full-Time - Semester No.1 | |||||||||
| Lectures (count) | 10 | Lecture Length (academic hours) | 2 | Total Contact Hours of Lectures | 20 | ||||
| Classes (count) | 7 | Class Length (academic hours) | 4 | Total Contact Hours of Classes | 28 | ||||
| Total Contact Hours | 48 | ||||||||
| Full-Time - Semester No.2 | |||||||||
| Lectures (count) | 6 | Lecture Length (academic hours) | 2 | Total Contact Hours of Lectures | 12 | ||||
| Classes (count) | 9 | Class Length (academic hours) | 4 | Total Contact Hours of Classes | 36 | ||||
| Total Contact Hours | 48 | ||||||||
| Study course description | |||||||||
| Preliminary Knowledge: | Physics, anatomy, biochemistry, biology, parasitology, normal and pathological physiology, microbiology, immunology, propaedeutics, internal diseases and pharmacology. | ||||||||
| Objective: | The aim of the study course is to promote the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge about the laboratory diagnosis of disease, also infections, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, approaches to treatment, the possibilities of specific and etiological therapy, as well as the epidemiology of infectious diseases and their impact on the quality of life of an individual and public health. | ||||||||
| Topic Layout (Full-Time) | |||||||||
| No. | Topic | Type of Implementation | Number | Venue | |||||
| 1 | Modern infectology: definitions, concepts, classification, principles of diagnostics, therapy and prevention. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 2 | Respiratory diseases, including tuberculosis: agents, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, principles of treatment and prevention, prognosis. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 3 | Gut microbiota and its connections (axes) with other organ systems within the framework of infectology. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 4 | Blood borne diseases. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 5 | Parasitic infections: classification, variety of clinical course, diagnostics, approaches to therapy, prevention. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 6 | Ornithosis and other more common zoonoses. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 7 | Immunology of infectious diseases: the immunological basis of acute and chronic processes and their use in the diagnosis of the disease. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 8 | Virus and bacterial acute respiratory infections – ethiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostics, treatment, prevention. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 9 | Infections of the digestive tract: bacterial, viral, parasitic: clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, prevention. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 10 | Viral hepatitis – VHA, VHB, VHC, VHD, VHE, etc. clinic, diagnosis, treatment, prevention. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 11 | HIV/AIDS – diagnostics, clinical manifestations, selection of treatment, prophylaxis. HIV indicator conditions, related opportunistic diseases. Simulation of HIV/AIDS patient. | Classes | 1.00 | METC | |||||
| 12 | Hemorrhagic fevers – concept, classification, etiological groups, clinical presentation, diagnosis verification, principles of treatment. Tropical infections. Ebola virus disease - simulation | Classes | 1.00 | METC | |||||
| 13 | Neuroinfections: classification, clinical course, diagnosis, approaches to therapy, prognosis. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 14 | Infections caused by herpes viruses. Relationship of clinical manifestations to a specific herpesvirus. Chronic fatigue syndrome: facts and hypotheses. Simulation of meningococcal infection. | Classes | 1.00 | METC | |||||
| 15 | Examination of patients with suspected tuberculosis (TB). TB diagnostic algorithm. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 16 | Infections with lymphadenopathy. Simulation of bubonic plague | Classes | 1.00 | METC | |||||
| 17 | Healthcare-associated infections. Antimicrobial Resistance | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 18 | Infectious processes in soft tissues. Bone and joint infections. The implant related infections in traumatology. Mechanisms of biofilm formation. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 19 | The course of infectious diseases in special patient groups. Rabies - simulation. | Classes | 1.00 | METC | |||||
| 20 | General epidemiology of infectious disease. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 21 | Epidemiology and practice of infectious diseases. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 22 | Specific prophylaxis (prevention): vaccines, immunoglobulins, sera. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 23 | Introduction to the reprocessing of medical devices: cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, process control, regulatory documents. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 24 | Bioterrorism – the role and place of infectious agents. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 25 | Principles of epidemiological safety in the production of medicines and medical products. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 26 | Microbiological safety criteria of food products and environmental objects and organization of laboratory control as prevention of infectious diseases. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| 27 | Introduction to laboratory medicine. Types and characteristics of biomaterials. Choice of examination procedure and a short description of technologies used in laboratory. Phases of laboratory testing. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 28 | Laboratory diagnosis of infections and infestations. Principles of choice of investigations and biomaterials and clinical interpretation of test results. Examination of environmental objects in the context of infectious diseases. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 29 | Laboratory diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and urinary tract, lungs, skin and its derivates, and reproductive system diseases. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 30 | Laboratory diagnosis of heart and blood circulation, lymphatic, nervous, and endocrine system diseases. Laboratory diagnosis of immunological, hematological, oncological, and genetic diseases. | Lectures | 1.00 | E-Studies platform | |||||
| 31 | Principles of choice/selection of examinations and biomaterials for intended/planned/anticipated result (diagnosis, disease). Basics of standardization of laboratory work, essence of medical laboratory accreditation. Biorisks. | Classes | 1.00 | laboratory | |||||
| 32 | Interpretation of laboratory results and their significance in clinical practice. | Classes | 1.00 | clinical base | |||||
| Assessment | |||||||||
| Unaided Work: | 1. Preliminary preparation for each practical class (relevant topic); 2. Independent study report (the 7th semester); 3. Case report (the 8th semester). In order to evaluate the quality of the study course as a whole, the student must fill out the study course evaluation questionnaire on the Student Portal. | ||||||||
| Assessment Criteria: | Independent work: 1. Independent study report: assessment criteria – compliance of the content of the report with the selected topic (25%); design of the report (25%); student’s individual input (25%), contribution or work invested; level of student’s knowledge evaluated by the lecturer (responsible for the group) (25%) when discussing the individual study report with the student. 2. Case report – report task comprehension (25%), use of a virtual fact summary for diagnosis detection (laboratory test, instrumental investigation, anamnesis, including epidemiological data, etc.) (25%), the logic of the diagnostic reasoning and the range of differential diagnosis coverage (25%), therapeutic, prophylactic, suggestions (25%) etc. Test in the 7th semester - practical class attendance, evaluation of Individual Study Report. Examination arrangements in the 8th semester - the grade is formed from: practical class assessment (30%), independent work (clinical case) (30%), written examination on all topics of the course: theoretical question (20%) and clinical case interpretation (20%). Detailed rules can be found in the e-studies. | ||||||||
| Final Examination (Full-Time): | Exam (Written) | ||||||||
| Final Examination (Part-Time): | |||||||||
| Learning Outcomes | |||||||||
| Knowledge: | Students will be able to describe the tasks and importance of laboratory medicine in the diagnosis of diseases and assessment of the course of the disease both in relation to the etiological factor, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations; promote understanding of theoretical and practical aspects of biosecurity; students will be able to characterize and classify infectious diseases according to their etiological factor, relationship with pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, possibility of transmission and danger to individual and public health; will describe and identify specific, typical, pathogenetic and other symptoms; will explain the investigation plan and systematize laboratory methods; will formulate and explain the general principles of therapy; will relate the stages of the health care plan to individualized health care; will explain the principles of modern specific prevention, applying them to both society and the individual. | ||||||||
| Skills: | Will be able to create a plan for medical activities aimed at laboratory and other types of diagnosis of an individual's disease; specific, etiological and other types of treatment; will be able to implement the prepared plan, taking into account epidemiological, life and disease anamnesis, laboratory examination and other data; will be able to evaluate the data obtained as a result of the physical examination; will be able to integrate laboratory examinations into the design of disease diagnostics; to plan the specific and non-specific preventive measures necessary to limit the spread of the disease. | ||||||||
| Competencies: | Apply the knowledge of the basics of factology, argumentation, logic and rhetoric in order to analyze permissible and detectable situations in theoretical and practical infectology, discuss, justify and explain one's opinion and constructively promote the achievement of professional goals and the performance of specific tasks in ensuring individual and public health; when dealing with patients, relatives of patients and colleagues from other specialties, communicate successfully in the fields of prevention, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases; to cooperate professionally with patients, relatives of patients, colleagues in a respectful atmosphere, observing the normative basis binding on the medical field, ethical norms, respecting patients' rights and ensuring epidemiological safety; learn independently and constantly and know how to use the electronic environment for communication; demonstrate and improve oneself as a future medical practitioner and health promoter for the individual and society in the context of specific and non-specific prevention of infectious diseases. | ||||||||
| Bibliography | |||||||||
| No. | Reference | ||||||||
| Required Reading | |||||||||
| 1 | Maxine A. Papadakis, Stephen J. McPhee, Michael W. Rabow Lange. 2022. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment. 61th ed. USA: McGraw Hill. Access Medicine. Iegūts no: via Access Medicine | ||||||||
| 2 | Ferri's. 2022. Clinical Advisor Elsevier. ClinicalKey. Iegūts no via: ClinicalKey | ||||||||
| 3 | Bennett J.E., Dolin R.l., Blaser Mandell M. J., Douglas, and Bennett's. 2019. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Elsevier. ClinicalKey. Iegūts no via: ClinicalKey | ||||||||
| 4 | Vīksna L. 2011. Infekcijas slimības. Rīga: Medicīnas apgāds. | ||||||||
| 5 | Cilvēka imūndeficīta vīrusa (HIV) infekcijas diagnostikas, ārstēšanas un profilakses klīniskās vadlīnijas. 2014. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://www.vmnvd.gov.lv/lv/cilveka-imundeficita-virusa-hiv… | ||||||||
| 6 | Vīrushepatīta B diagnostikas un etiotropās ārstēšanas vadlīnijas. 2011. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://www.vmnvd.gov.lv/lv/virushepatita-b-diagnostikas-un… | ||||||||
| 7 | Madhukar Pai, Marcel A. Behr, David Dowdy, et.al. 2016. Tuberculosis. Nature reviews. 27October. PubMed. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/nrdp201676 | ||||||||
| 8 | CDC Yellow Book 2014: Health Information for International Travel. Oxford University Press. Ebsco. Iegūts no via: Ebsco | ||||||||
| 9 | Robert Rich, Thomas Fleisher, William Shearer, et.al. 2019. Clinical Immunology, Principles and Practice; 5th ed. Elsevier. ClinicalKey. Iegūts no : via: ClinicalKey. | ||||||||
| 10 | Arash Aalirezaie, Afshin Anoushiravani, James Cashman, et.al. 019.General Assembly, Prevention, Host Risk Mitigation – Local Factors: Proceedings of International Consensus on Orthopedic Infections. The Journal of Arthroplasty. Feb;34(2S):S37-S41. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S08835403… | ||||||||
| 11 | Richard A. McPherson, MSc and Matthew R. Pincus. 2022. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis And Management By Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Elsevier. ClinicalKey. Iegūts no via: ClinicalKey | ||||||||
| 12 | Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook. Amy L. Leber. ASM Press, 2016, p. 2954 | ||||||||
| 13 | Laboratory quality management system: handbook. 2011. World Health Organization. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241548274 | ||||||||
| 14 | Infectious Diseases Epiedmiology (Oxford Specialist Handbooks). 2016. Edited by Ibrahim Abubakar. Helen R. Stagg, Ted Cohen and Laura C Rodrigues. Print Publication Date: Apr. Published online: Jun 2016. | ||||||||
| 15 | Principles of infectious disease epidemiology. | ||||||||
| 16 | Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology. 2017. 3rd ed. Johan Giesecke. CRC Press. Published April 5. 248 Pages. | ||||||||
| 17 | Infectious diseases epidemiology. | ||||||||
| Additional Reading | |||||||||
| 1 | HIV/AIDS quidelines 2022. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines | ||||||||
| 2 | EACS quidelines European AIDS clinical society 2021. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://www.eacsociety.org/guidelines/eacs-guidelines/ | ||||||||
| 3 | Biorisk management. Laboratory biosecurity guidance. 2006. WHO WHO/CDS/EPR/2006.6. Pieejams tiešsaistē: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/69390 | ||||||||
| 4 | Fredricks, D.N. 2013. The Human Microbiota : How Microbial Communities Affect Health and Disease. John Wiley& Sons. Proquest Ebook Central. Iegūts no via: Proquest Ebook Central | ||||||||
| 5 | J. Michael Miller, Matthew J. Binnicker, Sheldon Campbell. 2018 A Guide to Utilization of the Microbiology Laboratory for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: 2018 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Society for Microbiology. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 67(6) PubMed. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108105/ | ||||||||
| 6 | Guder W.G. 2015. Pre- Examination Procedures in Laboratory Diagnostics: preanalytical Aspects and Their Impact on the Quality of Medical Laboratory Results. De Gruyter. Proquest Ebook Central. Iegūts no via: Proquest Ebook Central | ||||||||
| 7 | Guidance on regulations for the transport of infectious substances 2019–2020.2019. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019 (WHO/WHE/CPI/2019.20).https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-WHE-CPI-2019.20 | ||||||||
| 8 | Kessel M. 2014 Neglected Diseases, Delinquent Diagnostics. Science Translational Medicine. 6(226) PubMed. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24598586/ | ||||||||
| Other Information Sources | |||||||||
| 1 | Practical Laboratory Medicine. Journal, Co Editors-in-Chief: William Clarke, Mike J. Hallworth, ISSN: 2352-5517 | ||||||||
| 2 | http://www.ifcc.org/ifcc-education-division/webinars/ | ||||||||
| 3 | The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. The Official Publication of the Central Society for Clinical Research | ||||||||
| 4 | Journal of Cytology & Molecular Biology (JCMB) | ||||||||
| 5 | Laboratory Biosafety Manual | ||||||||
| 6 | WHO European Guidance on standards for infectious diseases laboratories | ||||||||
| 7 | Alert, response, and capacity building under the International Health Regulations (IHR) | ||||||||
| 8 | Laboratory Quality Stepwise Implementation tool | ||||||||
